Important Events in History
भारत और विश्व की प्रमुख ऐतिहासिक घटनाओं की कालानुक्रमिक सूची — राजवंश, स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन, युद्ध, वैज्ञानिक उपलब्धियाँ और संस्थाएँ — UPSC, बैंकिंग, SSC, रेलवे और राज्य PSC परीक्षाओं के लिए ज़रूरी।
आपकी खोज से कोई घटना नहीं मिली।
8th Cent.11th Cent.12th Cent.13th Cent.14th Cent.15th Cent.16th Cent.17th Cent.18th Cent.19th Cent.20th Cent.21st Cent.
8th Century CE
712
Muhammad bin Qasim's invasion of Sindh
11th Century CE
1001
Mahmud of Ghazni's first invasion of India
1025
Mahmud of Ghazni's attack on the Somnath Temple
12th Century CE
1192
Second Battle of Tarain (Muhammad of Ghor defeats Prithviraj Chauhan)
13th Century CE
1206
Establishment of the Delhi Sultanate by Qutb-ud-din Aibak
1210
Death of Qutb-ud-din Aibak
1290
Establishment of the Khalji dynasty by Jalaluddin Khalji
1296
Alauddin Khalji becomes Sultan of Delhi
1298
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Gujarat
14th Century CE
1303
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Chittor
1320
Establishment of the Tughlaq dynasty by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
1327
Muhammad bin Tughlaq shifts his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad
1336
Foundation of the Vijayanagara Empire by Harihara and Bukka
1347
Foundation of the Bahmani Sultanate by Alauddin Bahman Shah
1398
Timur's invasion of Delhi
15th Century CE
1414
Establishment of the Sayyid dynasty by Khizr Khan
1451
Establishment of the Lodi dynasty by Bahlul Lodi
1469
Birth of Guru Nanak
1498
Vasco da Gama arrives at Calicut
16th Century CE
1526
First Battle of Panipat: Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodi, founding the Mughal Empire
1527
Battle of Khanwa: Babur defeats Rana Sanga
1530
Death of Babur and accession of Humayun
1539
Battle of Chausa: Sher Shah Suri defeats Humayun
1540
Battle of Kannauj: Sher Shah Suri defeats Humayun and establishes the Sur Empire
1545
Death of Sher Shah Suri
1555
Humayun recaptures Delhi
1556
Second Battle of Panipat: Akbar defeats Hemu
1565
Battle of Talikota, leading to the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire
1571
Foundation of Fatehpur Sikri by Akbar
1576
Battle of Haldighati between Akbar's forces and Maharana Pratap
1582
Akbar establishes the Din-i-Ilahi
1600
Formation of the English East India Company
17th Century CE
1605
Death of Akbar and accession of Jahangir
1611
Jahangir marries Nur Jahan
1615
Sir Thomas Roe arrives at the Mughal court of Jahangir
1627
Death of Jahangir
1628
Coronation of Shah Jahan as Mughal Emperor
1630
Birth of Shivaji
1632
Construction of the Taj Mahal begins
1653
Completion of the Taj Mahal
1658
Aurangzeb becomes Mughal Emperor
1666
Death of Shah Jahan
1674
Coronation of Shivaji as Chhatrapati at Raigad
1680
Death of Shivaji
18th Century CE
1707
Death of Aurangzeb
1739
Nadir Shah's invasion and sack of Delhi
1757
Battle of Plassey: Robert Clive defeats Siraj-ud-Daulah
1760
Battle of Wandiwash
1761
Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Abdali defeats the Marathas
1764
Battle of Buxar
1765
Treaty of Allahabad; Diwani of Bengal granted to the East India Company
1770
The Great Bengal Famine
1773
The Regulating Act is passed by the British Parliament
1784
Pitt's India Act is passed
1793
Permanent Settlement of Bengal introduced by Lord Cornwallis
1799
Death of Tipu Sultan at the Battle of Seringapatam
19th Century CE
1802
Treaty of Bassein
1828
Foundation of the Brahmo Samaj by Raja Ram Mohan Roy
1829
Abolition of Sati by Lord William Bentinck
1835
English Education Act (based on Macaulay's Minute)
1839
Death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
1853
The first railway line in India opens, between Bombay and Thane
1857
The Indian Rebellion (First War of Independence)
1858
Government of India Act; end of East India Company rule, start of Crown rule
1861
The Indian Councils Act
1861
The Indian Penal Code comes into force
1875
Foundation of the Arya Samaj by Swami Dayanand Saraswati
1875
The Bombay Stock Exchange is established, Asia's oldest stock exchange
1885
Foundation of the Indian National Congress
1893
Swami Vivekananda's address at the World's Parliament of Religions in Chicago
1900
Norman Pritchard wins India's first Olympic medals — two silvers in athletics, at the Paris Olympics
20th Century CE
1905
Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon
1906
Foundation of the All-India Muslim League
1906
Indian Standard Time is adopted as the standard time for the whole of India
1907
The Surat Split in the Indian National Congress
1907
Tata Steel (originally Tata Iron and Steel Company) is founded, Asia's first integrated steel plant
1909
The Morley-Minto Reforms
1909
The Indian Institute of Science is founded in Bangalore with support from J.N. Tata
1911
Delhi Durbar; the capital is shifted from Calcutta to Delhi; Partition of Bengal annulled
1911
'Jana Gana Mana', later adopted as India's national anthem, is first sung publicly
1913
Foundation of the Ghadar Party
1913
Rabindranath Tagore becomes the first non-European to win a Nobel Prize (Literature)
1916
The Lucknow Pact between the Congress and the Muslim League
1916
Banaras Hindu University is founded
1917
The Champaran Satyagraha, Gandhi's first major movement in India
1917
Mahatma Gandhi founds the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad
1918
The Kheda Satyagraha and the Ahmedabad Mill Strike
1919
The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre; the Rowlatt Act; the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
1920
The Non-Cooperation Movement is launched, alongside the Khilafat Movement
1921
The Moplah Rebellion in Malabar
1921
The Imperial Bank of India, a predecessor of the State Bank of India, is formed
1921
Visva-Bharati is founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Shantiniketan
1922
The Chauri Chaura incident, leading to the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement
1925
The Kakori Conspiracy
1927
The Simon Commission is constituted
1928
The Bardoli Satyagraha; death of Lala Lajpat Rai
1928
India wins its first Olympic gold medal in hockey, at the Amsterdam Olympics
1929
The Lahore Session of Congress and the Purna Swaraj resolution
1930
The Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) and the start of the Civil Disobedience Movement
1930
C.V. Raman wins the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the Raman Effect
1931
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact; execution of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev
1931
The Indian Statistical Institute is founded by P.C. Mahalanobis
1932
The Poona Pact and the Communal Award
1935
The Government of India Act, 1935
1935
The Reserve Bank of India is established
1936
All India Radio is formally named and established as India's public broadcaster
1937
Provincial elections held under the Government of India Act, 1935
1939
Subhas Chandra Bose resigns as Congress President and forms the Forward Bloc
1940
The Lahore Resolution of the Muslim League, demanding a separate Pakistan
1942
The Quit India Movement is launched; the Cripps Mission arrives
1942
The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is established
1943
The Bengal Famine; the Indian National Army is reorganized under Subhas Chandra Bose
1943
The Indian National Army's Rani of Jhansi Regiment, an all-women combat unit, is formed
1945
The INA trials begin at the Red Fort
1945
The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) is founded
1946
The Cabinet Mission Plan; the Direct Action Day riots; the Royal Indian Navy Mutiny
1947
India becomes independent on 15 August; Partition of India
1947
The National Physical Laboratory of India is established
1948
Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi on 30 January
1948
The Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Act is enacted
1949
The Reserve Bank of India is nationalized
1950
The Constitution of India comes into force on 26 January, and India becomes a Republic
1950
The Param Vir Chakra, India's highest wartime gallantry award, is instituted
1950
The Planning Commission of India is established
1950
India formally adopts 'Jana Gana Mana' as its National Anthem and 'Vande Mataram' as its National Song
1951
India hosts the first Asian Games, in New Delhi
1951
The First Five-Year Plan of India is launched
1952
India's first General Elections are held
1952
The Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's national academy for performing arts, is founded
1952
India's first General Elections are completed
1954
The Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards are instituted
1954
The Sahitya Akademi, India's national academy of letters, is founded
1954
The Lalit Kala Akademi, India's national academy of art, is founded
1954
The Department of Atomic Energy is established
1954
The National Film Awards are instituted
1954
The Filmfare Awards are instituted
1955
The State Bank of India is formed from the former Imperial Bank of India
1956
The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is established
1956
The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi is established
1956
The Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) is established
1956
The States Reorganisation Act reorganizes Indian states on a linguistic basis
1959
Doordarshan, India's public television broadcaster, begins broadcasting
1960
The Bombay state is bifurcated into Maharashtra and Gujarat
1961
Annexation of Goa by India
1961
The Arjuna Award for sporting excellence is instituted
1961
The National Institute of Design is founded
1961
India annexes Goa, ending Portuguese colonial rule there
1962
The Indo-China War
1963
India's first rocket launch takes place from the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station
1964
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is established
1964
The National Film Archive of India is established
1964
The Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) is established
1965
The second Indo-Pakistan War
1965
The Jnanpith Award, India's highest literary honour, is instituted
1966
The Tashkent Agreement
1966
India's Green Revolution begins, boosting foodgrain production
1966
Indira Gandhi becomes India's first woman Prime Minister
1968
Har Gobind Khorana, of Indian origin, wins the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1969
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is established
1969
Fourteen major Indian banks are nationalized
1970
Operation Flood, India's White Revolution in dairy production, is launched
1971
The Indo-Pakistan War and the liberation of Bangladesh
1972
The Shimla Agreement between India and Pakistan
1973
Project Tiger, India's flagship tiger conservation programme, is launched
1974
India's first nuclear test (Pokhran-I)
1974
India conducts its first nuclear test, Pokhran-I
1975
The National Emergency is declared in India
1975
Aryabhata, India's first satellite, is launched
1975
India's Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE), using NASA's ATS-6 satellite, begins
1979
Mother Teresa wins the Nobel Peace Prize for her work with the poor in India
1980
Rohini, the first satellite fully built and launched by an Indian rocket, reaches orbit
1980
Six more Indian banks are nationalized
1980
Indira Gandhi returns to power in the general elections
1982
India hosts the Asian Games for the second time, in New Delhi
1982
The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is established
1982
The Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank) is established
1983
India wins the Cricket World Cup for the first time, under captain Kapil Dev
1983
S. Chandrasekhar, of Indian origin, wins the Nobel Prize in Physics
1984
Operation Blue Star; the assassination of Indira Gandhi; the Bhopal Gas Tragedy
1984
Rakesh Sharma becomes the first Indian citizen to travel to space
1985
The Dronacharya Award for excellence in sports coaching is instituted
1986
The National Policy on Education is introduced
1988
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is established
1990
The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) is established
1991
India begins economic liberalization reforms
1991
The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, India's highest sporting honour, is instituted
1992
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is given full statutory powers
1995
India makes its first cellular mobile phone call
1995
India connects to the internet for public commercial use for the first time
1996
Leander Paes wins a bronze medal in tennis, independent India's first individual Olympic medal
1997
K.R. Narayanan becomes India's first Dalit President
1998
India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests
1998
Amartya Sen wins the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
1999
The Kargil War between India and Pakistan
1999
The Kargil War is fought and won by India in the Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir
2000
The National Stock Exchange's Nifty 50 index crosses significant early milestones
2000
Karnam Malleswari becomes the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal, in weightlifting
21st Century CE
2002
A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the 'Missile Man of India', becomes President of India
2004
The Indian Ocean tsunami prompts major disaster-management reforms in India
2005
The Right to Information Act is enacted
2005
The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) is enacted
2007
India wins the inaugural ICC T20 World Cup, under captain M.S. Dhoni
2008
Abhinav Bindra wins India's first individual Olympic gold medal, in shooting
2008
Chandrayaan-1, India's first lunar mission, is launched
2008
Sushil Kumar wins an Olympic bronze medal in wrestling
2009
The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), issuer of Aadhaar, is established
2009
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, born in India, wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
2010
India hosts the Commonwealth Games in New Delhi
2011
India wins the Cricket World Cup for the second time, under captain M.S. Dhoni
2012
Sushil Kumar becomes the first Indian to win two individual Olympic medals, adding a silver in wrestling
2013
The Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission) is launched
2014
Mangalyaan enters Mars orbit, making India the first country to succeed on its maiden Mars mission
2014
Kailash Satyarthi wins the Nobel Peace Prize for his work against child labour
2014
The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) is launched
2015
The International Day of Yoga is observed for the first time, following India's UN proposal
2015
The NITI Aayog replaces the Planning Commission as India's premier public policy think tank
2016
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council is constituted ahead of GST's rollout
2016
P.V. Sindhu wins an Olympic silver medal in badminton, at the Rio Olympics
2016
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code is enacted
2017
The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is rolled out across India
2018
Ayushman Bharat, a major public health insurance scheme, is launched
2019
Chandrayaan-2, India's second lunar mission, is launched
2019
Abhijit Banerjee, of Indian origin, wins the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
2021
Neeraj Chopra wins India's first Olympic gold medal in athletics, in the javelin throw, at the Tokyo Olympics
2023
Chandrayaan-3 achieves a successful soft landing near the Moon's south pole
2024
India wins the ICC T20 World Cup, under captain Rohit Sharma
4th Cent.5th Cent.7th Cent.8th Cent.11th Cent.12th Cent.13th Cent.14th Cent.15th Cent.16th Cent.17th Cent.18th Cent.19th Cent.20th Cent.21st Cent.
4th Century CE
313
The Edict of Milan legalizes Christianity in the Roman Empire
395
The Roman Empire is divided into the Western and Eastern (Byzantine) Empires
5th Century CE
476
The fall of the Western Roman Empire
7th Century CE
622
The Hijra — Prophet Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina
632
The death of Prophet Muhammad
8th Century CE
800
Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor
11th Century CE
1054
The Great Schism, splitting the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches
1066
The Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest of England
1096
The First Crusade begins
12th Century CE
1147
The Second Crusade begins
1189
The Third Crusade begins
13th Century CE
1206
Genghis Khan founds the Mongol Empire
1215
The Magna Carta is signed in England
1271
Marco Polo begins his journey to China
1291
The fall of Acre, ending the Crusader states in the Holy Land
14th Century CE
1337
The start of the Hundred Years' War between England and France
1347
The Black Death begins spreading across Europe
1368
The establishment of the Ming Dynasty in China
1381
The Peasants' Revolt in England
15th Century CE
1429
Joan of Arc lifts the Siege of Orleans
1453
The fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks
1455
Gutenberg completes the Gutenberg Bible, the first major book printed in Europe
1492
Christopher Columbus reaches the Americas
1498
Vasco da Gama reaches India by an all-sea route
16th Century CE
1517
Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, sparking the Protestant Reformation
1519
Ferdinand Magellan's expedition begins its circumnavigation of the globe
1521
The fall of the Aztec Empire to Hernan Cortes
1533
The fall of the Inca Empire to Francisco Pizarro
1534
Henry VIII's Act of Supremacy establishes the Church of England
1543
Nicolaus Copernicus publishes his heliocentric theory of the solar system
1588
England defeats the Spanish Armada
1600
The formation of the British East India Company
17th Century CE
1602
The formation of the Dutch East India Company
1618
The start of the Thirty Years' War in Europe
1620
The Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock aboard the Mayflower
1642
The start of the English Civil War
1648
The Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War
1649
The execution of King Charles I of England
1660
The Restoration of the English monarchy under Charles II
1688
The Glorious Revolution in England
1689
The English Bill of Rights is enacted
18th Century CE
1721
The Treaty of Nystad ends the Great Northern War
1740
The start of the War of the Austrian Succession
1756
The start of the Seven Years' War
1762
Catherine the Great becomes Empress of Russia
1775
The start of the American Revolutionary War
1776
The American Declaration of Independence is adopted
1783
The Treaty of Paris ends the American Revolutionary War
1789
The start of the French Revolution and the storming of the Bastille
1793
The execution of King Louis XVI of France
1799
Napoleon Bonaparte becomes First Consul of France
19th Century CE
1804
Napoleon is crowned Emperor of France; Haiti declares independence
1805
The Battle of Trafalgar
1812
Napoleon's invasion of Russia
1815
The Battle of Waterloo ends the Napoleonic Wars
1821
The start of the Greek War of Independence
1823
The Monroe Doctrine is announced by the United States
1830
The July Revolution in France
1833
Slavery is abolished throughout the British Empire
1848
The Revolutions of 1848 sweep across Europe; the Communist Manifesto is published
1859
Charles Darwin publishes 'On the Origin of Species'
1861
The start of the American Civil War; the unification of Italy begins
1865
The end of the American Civil War and the assassination of Abraham Lincoln
1867
The formation of the Dominion of Canada
1869
The opening of the Suez Canal
1871
The unification of Germany, ending the Franco-Prussian War
1884
The Berlin Conference, partitioning Africa among European colonial powers
1898
The Spanish-American War
20th Century CE
1903
The Wright Brothers achieve the first powered flight
1904
The start of the Russo-Japanese War
1905
The Russian Revolution of 1905
1908
The Young Turk Revolution in the Ottoman Empire
1912
The sinking of the RMS Titanic
1914
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, triggering the start of World War I
1917
The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia; the United States enters World War I
1918
The end of World War I with the Armistice
1919
The Treaty of Versailles is signed
1920
The formation of the League of Nations
1922
The formation of the Soviet Union; Mussolini's March on Rome
1929
The Wall Street Crash, triggering the Great Depression
1933
Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
1936
The start of the Spanish Civil War
1939
Germany invades Poland, starting World War II
1941
The attack on Pearl Harbor; Germany invades the Soviet Union
1942
The Battle of Stalingrad begins
1944
The D-Day landings in Normandy
1945
The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; the end of World War II; the formation of the United Nations
1948
The establishment of the State of Israel
1949
The formation of the People's Republic of China; the formation of NATO
1950
The start of the Korean War
1953
The death of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin
1955
The formation of the Warsaw Pact
1957
The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite
1959
The Cuban Revolution led by Fidel Castro succeeds
1961
The construction of the Berlin Wall; Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space
1962
The Cuban Missile Crisis
1963
The assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy
1969
The Apollo 11 mission achieves the first crewed Moon landing
1975
The end of the Vietnam War
1979
The Iranian Revolution
1989
The fall of the Berlin Wall
1990
The reunification of Germany
1991
The dissolution of the Soviet Union; the Gulf War
21st Century CE
2001
The September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States
2008
The global financial crisis