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Home › Environmental Studies › Indian Legislation & Sustainable Development

Indian Legislation & Sustainable Development — Environmental Studies Questions & Practice

Practise 362 Indian Legislation & Sustainable Development questions from Environmental Studies for competitive exams such as UPSC, Banking, SSC and Railway. Read the worked questions below, check every answer with an explanation, and track what you get wrong.

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Practice questions on Indian Legislation & Sustainable Development — with answers

Try each question first, then open the answer. Explanations are included.

1. The Environment (Protection) Act 1986 was enacted in India following which major industrial disaster?

  1. ABhopal Gas Tragedy (December 1984)
  2. BVisakhapatnam Gas Leak
  3. COleum Gas Leak
  4. DChasnala Mining Disaster
Show answer

Answer: A

The Environment Protection Act 1986 was enacted as an umbrella act following the Bhopal Gas Leak disaster (Methyl Isocyanate release).

2. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in India in 2010 under the NGT Act for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to:

  1. AEnvironmental protection and conservation of forests and natural resources
  2. BTax disputes
  3. CIndustrial labor disputes
  4. DConsumer fraud
Show answer

Answer: A

NGT is a specialized judicial body handling environmental disputes (mandated to dispose cases within 6 months).

3. Where is the Principal Bench of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) located?

  1. ANew Delhi
  2. BMumbai
  3. CKolkata
  4. DChennai
Show answer

Answer: A

NGT's Principal Bench is in New Delhi, with regional benches in Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata, and Chennai.

4. The 'Appiko Movement', inspired by Chipko to protect trees in the Western Ghats of Karnataka in 1983, was led by:

  1. APandurang Hegde
  2. BSunderlal Bahuguna
  3. CMedha Patkar
  4. DVandana Shiva
Show answer

Answer: A

Pandurang Hegde led the Appiko Movement ('Appiko' means to hug in Kannada) in Uttara Kannada.

5. The 'Narmada Bachao Andolan' (NBA), protesting against environmental displacement caused by large dams on Narmada River, was spearheaded by:

  1. AMedha Patkar (and Baba Amte)
  2. BSunderlal Bahuguna
  3. CVandana Shiva
  4. DSunita Narain
Show answer

Answer: A

Medha Patkar led NBA opposing construction of Sardar Sarovar Dam on Narmada.

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